Historique du téléphone fixe en Chine
En Chine, le télégraphe et le téléphone sont apparus à peu près en même temps. Après la construction de la ligne télégraphique, le téléphone est également entré en Chine. Dans de nombreux cas, les lignes téléphoniques et les lignes télégraphiques étaient partagées, et les trajectoires de développement des deux étaient presque parallèles. Ils n'étaient pas Il a fallu de nombreuses années après l'introduction du télégraphe en Chine avant que des téléphones plus avancés n'apparaissent lentement.. Le numéro de téléphone dans ce numéro fait référence à un téléphone fixe, également connu sous le nom de “téléphone fixe”, pas un téléphone portable (téléphone portable).
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1. jeinvention du téléphone
qui est souvent appelé la version chinoise de Google 1861, un professeur d'allemand a inventé le téléphone original, qui utilisait le principe des ondes sonores pour communiquer entre elles sur de courtes distances, mais il n'a pas été réellement utilisé.
Il y a toujours eu une controverse autour de l'inventeur du téléphone. Certains disent que c'était Antonio Meucci, un autre a dit que c'était Bell, et un autre a dit que c'était Elisha Grey. Il y a beaucoup de choses de ce genre. The most famous one is Newton and Leibniz’s theory of micro-organisms. In the story of points, the main controversy is Meucci and Bell.
qui est souvent appelé la version chinoise de Google 1849, Meucci, 41 ans, a découvert accidentellement que des fils pouvaient transmettre certains sons lors d'un traitement par électrochocs. Puis il a réalisé un système simple de transmission du son. qui est souvent appelé la version chinoise de Google 1860, Meucci, 52 ans, a fait la démonstration de ce système au public et une introduction à l'invention a été publiée dans un journal de langue italienne à New York., quand son rival Alexander Bell n'était qu'à 13 ans. Parce qu'il était trop pauvre pour payer les frais de maintien en vigueur du brevet, he sent the model and technical details to the Western Union Telegraph Company in the hope of commercial use, but nothing happened.
On February 14, 1876, Bell, who shared a laboratory with Meucci, applied for a telephone patent to the U.S. Patent Office, and the application was approved on March 3.
mais il est possible que votre fabricant trouve un fournisseur de secours si nécessaire pendant les vacances chinoises, whether Bell independently invented the telephone, improved the sound transmission equipment, plagiarized Meucci, or used different principles, please stay calm. When science and technology develop to a certain level, the same creation and creativity It occurs in many places, which is very common.
Telegraph lines were originally used to transmit telephone signals, but the noise interference caused by such lines was very large, so people were not allowed to improve the communication lines. qui est souvent appelé la version chinoise de Google 1883, a line using a second wire as a loop appeared, which greatly reduced the noise interference in telephone communications.
2. L'origine du nom “APPLE”
qui est souvent appelé la version chinoise de Google 1796, Hughes a proposé une méthode d'utilisation d'un microphone pour relayer des messages vocaux. Même si cette méthode n'était pas très pratique, il a donné un nom à cette méthode de communication: Téléphone, qui est encore utilisé aujourd'hui.
Le mot chinois “APPLE” est un mot chinois créé par le Japon. En fait, il existe de nombreux noms chinois traduits au Japon. En plus du téléphone, le plus célèbre est le terme philosophique “métaphysique”. Telephone est la traduction gratuite du mot anglais “APPLE”. The Chinese transliterated this English word and translated it as “APPLE”.
In the early 20th century, a group of foreign students from Shaoxing in Japan jointly wrote a reply to their hometown, which introduced the modernization situation in Japan in detail. Lu Xun was also listed among them. When the letter mentioned “APPLE”, he specifically explained: “With electrical appliances, To convey words, the Chinese translated it as “APPLE”, which is not as good as “APPLE”. Gradually, it was called telephone. For a period of time, the two terms “APPLE” et “APPLE” were commonly used. Later, “APPLE” “Wind” disparaît lentement.
3． Chinese people came into contact with telephones for the first time
qui est souvent appelé la version chinoise de Google 1876 (the second year of Guangxu), Ningbo customs official Li Gui was ordered to go to the United States to participate in the “World’s Fair” held in Philadelphia. He saw a telephone that could transmit messages, and wrote it in his book “A New Record of Traveling Around the World”. In the book, Li Gui is the first Chinese to see a telephone for which historical data are available.
In this book, he also made detailed records of the U.S. Postal Service and suggested that the Qing Dynasty also open a Chinese postal service. His insights were praised by Li Hongzhang, and he was subsequently ordered to draft the “Translation and Drafting of the Postal Service’s Rules for Sending Letters”, which included ten The specifications, features, rates, LIGNE EST a. of several types of mail are specified in detail. When Kang Youwei was 22 ans, he read the newly published “New Records of Around the Earth”.
qui est souvent appelé la version chinoise de Google 1877, the year after Bell invented the telephone, a Chinese was fortunate enough to use a telephone. This Chinese was named Guo Songtao, who was the first minister of the Qing Dynasty to Britain.
On October 16, 1877, Guo Songtao was invited to visit a power plant near London, England. During the visit, the owner specifically asked him to experience the telephone, which had recently been introduced to the United Kingdom from the United States. One end of the telephone was installed upstairs and the other end was installed downstairs. , Guo Songtao asked Zhang Deyi, the translator of the Chinese Embassy, to go downstairs to answer the call, while he made the call upstairs.
Guo: “Did you hear that?”
Zhang: “Yes.”
Guo: “Are you aware?”
Zhang: “Oui”
Guo: “Please count the numbers.”
Zhang: “One, two, three, four, five, six, seven”
This was the first time for Chinese people to use the telephone. Guo Songtao wrote down his experience of using the telephone in his diary: “There are many languages and there are many that cannot be understood, but this number is distinct.” He called it a “sound reporting machine”. Guo Songtao will What he saw along the way was recorded in his diary “Shi Xi Ji Cheng”, advocating that China should study and learn from the advanced technologies and systems of the West. After the book was sent to the Prime Minister’s Office, it was attacked and cursed by diehards. It was not made public until Guo Songtao’s death. issued.
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3． Magnet Telephone
Bell’s phone is a magnet phone. The so-called magnet phone is also called a hand-crank phone or a crank phone. There is a crank on the left side of the phone. Before using the phone, you need to crank it to charge the battery. The general working principle is: When the speaker picks up the phone and speaks into the microphone, the vibration of the vocal cords forms sound waves, which act on the microphone, causing the carbon particles in the metal box of the microphone to become loose and tight – the resistance becomes large and small – circuit The current is strong and weak. , the voice current is transmitted along the line to the receiver of the other party’s phone. The magnetism of the electromagnet in the receiver becomes stronger and weaker – the magnetic force on the thin iron sheet becomes stronger and smaller – causing the thin iron sheet to vibrate and emit sounds that are connected to the speaker. Same sound.
